Thu, Oct-03-19, 06:40
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Senior Member
Posts: 15,075
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Plan: mostly milkfat
Stats: 190/152.4/154
BF:
Progress: 104%
Location: Ontario
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Anything ending in -emia is specific to the blood. Usually for muscle you'll see elevated or excess intramyocellular lipids, for the liver, fatty liver or steatotis, I've also seen fatty kidney or fatty pancreas used. Or ectopic fat is used, ectopic just means out of it's usual place. When dealing with damage caused by out of place fat usually lipotoxicity is used--that's more about free fatty acids and excess production of products of their metabolism, usually ceramides come up. Triglycerides themselves aren't necessarily a problem--there are studies showing that some things that actually increase triglycerides in liver or pancreatic cells can actually be protective. Triglycerides are basically metabolically inert, so driving free fatty acids towards triglyceride synthesis can sometimes decrease ceramide formation and also decrease competition with glucose for oxidation, facilitating glucose disposal in that way as well. There are studies in mice where choline deficiency prevents diabetes on a diet that would normally cause it--this causes a large increase in fatty liver.
Also lipotoxicity is a bit misnamed, sometimes gluco-lipo-toxicity is used. Elevated glucose or fatty acids seem to be relatively harmless to individual cells, it's when both are elevated that pathways that lead to ceramide excess etc. are elevated.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VjQkqFSdDOc
Really good talk on diabetes, role of glucagon, etc.
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