Tue, Aug-07-18, 04:08
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Plan: Muscle Centric
Stats: 238/153/160
BF:
Progress: 109%
Location: UK
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Interestingly, according to this article in The Times this morning, it would seem that too much sleep could also be a problem:
Quote:
Sleepyheads told to avoid the lie‑ins for a longer life
Perky morning people may be on to something. Those who spend longer in bed are more likely to die early and develop cardiovascular disease.
Research led by Keele University found people who slept more than eight hours a night were at greater risk than those who slept for seven hours or fewer. People sleeping for ten hours were 30 per cent more likely to die prematurely than those who slept seven hours — 56 per cent more likely to die from a stroke and 49 per cent more likely to die from cardiovascular disease.
The study, published in the Journal of the American Heart Association, drew on data from 74 studies involving more than three million people. It also found that poor sleep quality was associated with a 44 per cent increase in coronary heart disease.
Chun Shing Kwok, the lead researcher, said: “Abnormal sleep is a marker of elevated cardiovascular risk. There are cultural, social, psychological, behavioural and environmental influences on our sleep such as the need to care for children or family members, irregular working patterns, physical or mental illness, and the 24-hour availability of commodities in modern society.”
He said: “Clinicians should have greater consideration for exploring sleep duration and quality during consultations. If excessive sleep patterns are found, then clinicians should consider screening for adverse cardiovascular risk factors and obstructive sleep apnoea, which occurs when a person’s breathing is interrupted during sleep.”
The researchers said that the limitations of the study included that sleep duration was self-reported and that underlying physical or mental health conditions could drive extreme sleep patterns.
https://www.thetimes.co.uk/edition/...-life-5xnkxbx57
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Quote:
Self‐Reported Sleep Duration and Quality and Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality: A Dose‐Response Meta‐Analysis
Chun Shing Kwok Evangelos Kontopantelis George Kuligowski Matthew Gray Alan Muhyaldeen Christopher P. Gale George M. Peat Jacqueline Cleator Carolyn Chew‐Graham … Show all Authors
Originally published3 Aug 2018Journal of the American Heart Association. 2018;7:e008552
Abstract
Background
There is growing evidence that sleep duration and quality may be associated with cardiovascular harm and mortality.
Methods and Results
We conducted a systematic review, meta‐analysis, and spline analysis of prospective cohort studies that evaluate the association between sleep duration and quality and cardiovascular outcomes. We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE for these studies and extracted data from identified studies. We utilized linear and nonlinear dose‐response meta‐analysis models and used DerSimonian–Laird random‐effects meta‐analysis models of risk ratios, with inverse variance weighting, and the I2 statistic to quantify heterogeneity. Seventy‐four studies including 3 340 684 participants with 242 240 deaths among 2 564 029 participants who reported death events were reviewed. Findings were broadly similar across both linear and nonlinear dose‐response models in 30 studies with >1 000 000 participants, and we report results from the linear model. Self‐reported duration of sleep >8 hours was associated with a moderate increased risk of all‐cause mortality, with risk ratio, 1.14 (1.05–1.25) for 9 hours, risk ratio, 1.30 (1.19–1.42) for 10 hours, and risk ratio, 1.47 (1.33–1.64) for 11 hours. No significant difference was identified for periods of self‐reported sleep <7 hours, whereas similar patterns were observed for stroke and cardiovascular disease mortality. Subjective poor sleep quality was associated with coronary heart disease (risk ratio, 1.44; 95% confidence interval, 1.09–1.90), but no difference in mortality and other outcomes.
Conclusions
Divergence from the recommended 7 to 8 hours of sleep is associated with a higher risk of mortality and cardiovascular events. Longer duration of sleep may be more associated with adverse outcomes compared with shorter sleep durations.
https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.118.008552
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